Step by step
The question
Question: find x.
The two triangles are similar: sides 4, 5, 6 and x, 15, 18.
1 Match the sides
Similar means the same shape.
One triangle is a bigger copy of the other.
Matching sides go together: the shortest with the shortest, the longest with the longest.
Here both lists go in the same order.
The first sides go together: 4 and x.
The second sides: 5 and 15.
The third sides: 6 and 18.
2 Find the scale factor
The scale factor k says how many times bigger.
We use a pair we know both of: 15 and 5.
k is big over small.
Careful!
The big side goes on top: 15/5, not 5/15.
15 divided by 5 is 3.
Every side of the big triangle is 3 times its partner.
3 Find x
x is in the big triangle.
Its partner in the small one is 4.
So x is 4 times 3.
That is 12.
So x = 12.
4 Check
Let's check with the other pair: 6 times 3 should be 18.
And x with its partner: 12/4 is 3 too.
Every pair has the factor 3.
So x = 12 is right!
Let's look back.
First: match the sides.
Then: find the scale factor.
Then: find x.
Last: check.