Step by step
The question
Question: find the focus and the directrix of y² = 4x.
1 Find p
Compare with the parabola rule: y² = 4px.
So 4p is the number in front of x: 4p = 4.
Careful!
4 is 4p, not p.
We still divide by 4.
To remove times 4, we divide by 4.
We do it on both sides, so they stay equal.
4 divided by 4 is 1.
So just p is left.
4 divided by 4 is 1.
So p = 1.
2 Focus and directrix
There are no brackets: just y² and x.
So the vertex is (0, 0).
p is positive.
So the parabola opens right.
The focus is 1 to the right of the vertex, inside the curve: (1, 0).
The directrix is the upright line 1 on the other side of the vertex: x = −1.
So the focus is (1, 0) and the directrix is x = −1.
3 Draw it
Draw the grid.
The vertex (0, 0),
the focus (1, 0),
and the directrix x = −1, dashed.
The parabola opens right, around the focus.
4 Check
Let's check with a point on the parabola, level with the focus: (1, 2).
Is it on the parabola?
Put it in: 4 and 4.
Yes!
Its distance to the focus: 2.
Its distance to the directrix: 2 too.
The same distance.
That is what makes a parabola.
Right!
Let's look back.
First: find p.
Then: focus and directrix.
Then: draw it.
Last: check.