Step by step
The question
Question: How many ways can 4 cards be put in a row?
1 Fill the places
2 Write it as a factorial
So the number of ways is 4 × 3 × 2 × 1.
ways = 4 × 3 × 2 × 1
4 times 3 times 2 times 1 has a short name: 4 factorial.
We write it 4!
4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 4!
(4 factorial)
Careful!
A card in one place cannot go in another.
So each place has one fewer.
Careful: not 4 × 4 × 4 × 4 ✗
3 Multiply
4 times 3 is 12.
12 times 2 is 24.
Times 1 changes nothing.
4 × 3 = 12
12 × 2 = 24
So there are 24 ways.
ways = 24
4 Check
Let's check the other way round: 1 times 2 is 2, then 6, then 24.
The same.
So the answer is right!
1 × 2 × 3 × 4: 2, 6, 24 ✓
Let's look back.
First: fill the places.
Then: write it as a factorial.
Then: multiply.
Last: check.
Answer
ways = 24